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<?php
namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Worksheet\Worksheet;
/**
* Helper class to manipulate cell coordinates.
*
* Columns indexes and rows are always based on 1, **not** on 0. This match the behavior
* that Excel users are used to, and also match the Excel functions `COLUMN()` and `ROW()`.
*/
abstract class Coordinate
{
public const A1_COORDINATE_REGEX = '/^(?<col>\$?[A-Z]{1,3})(?<row>\$?\d{1,7})$/i';
public const FULL_REFERENCE_REGEX = '/^(?:(?<worksheet>[^!]*)!)?(?<localReference>(?<firstCoordinate>[$]?[A-Z]{1,3}[$]?\d{1,7})(?:\:(?<secondCoordinate>[$]?[A-Z]{1,3}[$]?\d{1,7}))?)$/i';
/**
* Default range variable constant.
*
* @var string
*/
const DEFAULT_RANGE = 'A1:A1';
/**
* Convert string coordinate to [0 => int column index, 1 => int row index].
*
* @param string $cellAddress eg: 'A1'
*
* @return array{0: string, 1: string} Array containing column and row (indexes 0 and 1)
*/
public static function coordinateFromString(string $cellAddress): array
{
if (preg_match(self::A1_COORDINATE_REGEX, $cellAddress, $matches)) {
return [$matches['col'], $matches['row']];
} elseif (self::coordinateIsRange($cellAddress)) {
throw new Exception('Cell coordinate string can not be a range of cells');
} elseif ($cellAddress == '') {
throw new Exception('Cell coordinate can not be zero-length string');
}
throw new Exception('Invalid cell coordinate ' . $cellAddress);
}
/**
* Convert string coordinate to [0 => int column index, 1 => int row index, 2 => string column string].
*
* @param string $coordinates eg: 'A1', '$B$12'
*
* @return array{0: int, 1: int, 2: string} Array containing column and row index, and column string
*/
public static function indexesFromString(string $coordinates): array
{
[$column, $row] = self::coordinateFromString($coordinates);
$column = ltrim($column, '$');
return [
self::columnIndexFromString($column),
(int) ltrim($row, '$'),
$column,
];
}
/**
* Checks if a Cell Address represents a range of cells.
*
* @param string $cellAddress eg: 'A1' or 'A1:A2' or 'A1:A2,C1:C2'
*
* @return bool Whether the coordinate represents a range of cells
*/
public static function coordinateIsRange(string $cellAddress): bool
{
return str_contains($cellAddress, ':') || str_contains($cellAddress, ',');
}
/**
* Make string row, column or cell coordinate absolute.
*
* @param int|string $cellAddress e.g. 'A' or '1' or 'A1'
* Note that this value can be a row or column reference as well as a cell reference
*
* @return string Absolute coordinate e.g. '$A' or '$1' or '$A$1'
*/
public static function absoluteReference(int|string $cellAddress): string
{
$cellAddress = (string) $cellAddress;
if (self::coordinateIsRange($cellAddress)) {
throw new Exception('Cell coordinate string can not be a range of cells');
}
// Split out any worksheet name from the reference
[$worksheet, $cellAddress] = Worksheet::extractSheetTitle($cellAddress, true);
if ($worksheet > '') {
$worksheet .= '!';
}
// Create absolute coordinate
$cellAddress = "$cellAddress";
if (ctype_digit($cellAddress)) {
return $worksheet . '$' . $cellAddress;
} elseif (ctype_alpha($cellAddress)) {
return $worksheet . '$' . strtoupper($cellAddress);
}
return $worksheet . self::absoluteCoordinate($cellAddress);
}
/**
* Make string coordinate absolute.
*
* @param string $cellAddress e.g. 'A1'
*
* @return string Absolute coordinate e.g. '$A$1'
*/
public static function absoluteCoordinate(string $cellAddress): string
{
if (self::coordinateIsRange($cellAddress)) {
throw new Exception('Cell coordinate string can not be a range of cells');
}
// Split out any worksheet name from the coordinate
[$worksheet, $cellAddress] = Worksheet::extractSheetTitle($cellAddress, true);
if ($worksheet > '') {
$worksheet .= '!';
}
// Create absolute coordinate
[$column, $row] = self::coordinateFromString($cellAddress ?? 'A1');
$column = ltrim($column, '$');
$row = ltrim($row, '$');
return $worksheet . '$' . $column . '$' . $row;
}
/**
* Split range into coordinate strings.
*
* @param string $range e.g. 'B4:D9' or 'B4:D9,H2:O11' or 'B4'
*
* @return array Array containing one or more arrays containing one or two coordinate strings
* e.g. ['B4','D9'] or [['B4','D9'], ['H2','O11']]
* or ['B4']
*/
public static function splitRange(string $range): array
{
// Ensure $pRange is a valid range
if (empty($range)) {
$range = self::DEFAULT_RANGE;
}
$exploded = explode(',', $range);
$outArray = [];
foreach ($exploded as $value) {
$outArray[] = explode(':', $value);
}
return $outArray;
}
/**
* Build range from coordinate strings.
*
* @param array $range Array containing one or more arrays containing one or two coordinate strings
*
* @return string String representation of $pRange
*/
public static function buildRange(array $range): string
{
// Verify range
if (empty($range) || !is_array($range[0])) {
throw new Exception('Range does not contain any information');
}
// Build range
$counter = count($range);
for ($i = 0; $i < $counter; ++$i) {
$range[$i] = implode(':', $range[$i]);
}
return implode(',', $range);
}
/**
* Calculate range boundaries.
*
* @param string $range Cell range, Single Cell, Row/Column Range (e.g. A1:A1, B2, B:C, 2:3)
*
* @return array Range coordinates [Start Cell, End Cell]
* where Start Cell and End Cell are arrays (Column Number, Row Number)
*/
public static function rangeBoundaries(string $range): array
{
// Ensure $pRange is a valid range
if (empty($range)) {
$range = self::DEFAULT_RANGE;
}
// Uppercase coordinate
$range = strtoupper($range);
// Extract range
if (!str_contains($range, ':')) {
$rangeA = $rangeB = $range;
} else {
[$rangeA, $rangeB] = explode(':', $range);
}
if (is_numeric($rangeA) && is_numeric($rangeB)) {
$rangeA = 'A' . $rangeA;
$rangeB = AddressRange::MAX_COLUMN . $rangeB;
}
if (ctype_alpha($rangeA) && ctype_alpha($rangeB)) {
$rangeA = $rangeA . '1';
$rangeB = $rangeB . AddressRange::MAX_ROW;
}
// Calculate range outer borders
$rangeStart = self::coordinateFromString($rangeA);
$rangeEnd = self::coordinateFromString($rangeB);
// Translate column into index
$rangeStart[0] = self::columnIndexFromString($rangeStart[0]);
$rangeEnd[0] = self::columnIndexFromString($rangeEnd[0]);
return [$rangeStart, $rangeEnd];
}
/**
* Calculate range dimension.
*
* @param string $range Cell range, Single Cell, Row/Column Range (e.g. A1:A1, B2, B:C, 2:3)
*
* @return array Range dimension (width, height)
*/
public static function rangeDimension(string $range): array
{
// Calculate range outer borders
[$rangeStart, $rangeEnd] = self::rangeBoundaries($range);
return [($rangeEnd[0] - $rangeStart[0] + 1), ($rangeEnd[1] - $rangeStart[1] + 1)];
}
/**
* Calculate range boundaries.
*
* @param string $range Cell range, Single Cell, Row/Column Range (e.g. A1:A1, B2, B:C, 2:3)
*
* @return array Range coordinates [Start Cell, End Cell]
* where Start Cell and End Cell are arrays [Column ID, Row Number]
*/
public static function getRangeBoundaries(string $range): array
{
[$rangeA, $rangeB] = self::rangeBoundaries($range);
return [
[self::stringFromColumnIndex($rangeA[0]), $rangeA[1]],
[self::stringFromColumnIndex($rangeB[0]), $rangeB[1]],
];
}
/**
* Check if cell or range reference is valid and return an array with type of reference (cell or range), worksheet (if it was given)
* and the coordinate or the first coordinate and second coordinate if it is a range.
*
* @param string $reference Coordinate or Range (e.g. A1:A1, B2, B:C, 2:3)
*
* @return array reference data
*/
private static function validateReferenceAndGetData($reference): array
{
$data = [];
preg_match(self::FULL_REFERENCE_REGEX, $reference, $matches);
if (count($matches) === 0) {
return ['type' => 'invalid'];
}
if (isset($matches['secondCoordinate'])) {
$data['type'] = 'range';
$data['firstCoordinate'] = str_replace('$', '', $matches['firstCoordinate']);
$data['secondCoordinate'] = str_replace('$', '', $matches['secondCoordinate']);
} else {
$data['type'] = 'coordinate';
$data['coordinate'] = str_replace('$', '', $matches['firstCoordinate']);
}
$worksheet = $matches['worksheet'];
if ($worksheet !== '') {
if (substr($worksheet, 0, 1) === "'" && substr($worksheet, -1, 1) === "'") {
$worksheet = substr($worksheet, 1, -1);
}
$data['worksheet'] = strtolower($worksheet);
}
$data['localReference'] = str_replace('$', '', $matches['localReference']);
return $data;
}
/**
* Check if coordinate is inside a range.
*
* @param string $range Cell range, Single Cell, Row/Column Range (e.g. A1:A1, B2, B:C, 2:3)
* @param string $coordinate Cell coordinate (e.g. A1)
*
* @return bool true if coordinate is inside range
*/
public static function coordinateIsInsideRange(string $range, string $coordinate): bool
{
$rangeData = self::validateReferenceAndGetData($range);
if ($rangeData['type'] === 'invalid') {
throw new Exception('First argument needs to be a range');
}
$coordinateData = self::validateReferenceAndGetData($coordinate);
if ($coordinateData['type'] === 'invalid') {
throw new Exception('Second argument needs to be a single coordinate');
}
if (isset($coordinateData['worksheet']) && !isset($rangeData['worksheet'])) {
return false;
}
if (!isset($coordinateData['worksheet']) && isset($rangeData['worksheet'])) {
return false;
}
if (isset($coordinateData['worksheet'], $rangeData['worksheet'])) {
if ($coordinateData['worksheet'] !== $rangeData['worksheet']) {
return false;
}
}
$boundaries = self::rangeBoundaries($rangeData['localReference']);
$coordinates = self::indexesFromString($coordinateData['localReference']);
$columnIsInside = $boundaries[0][0] <= $coordinates[0] && $coordinates[0] <= $boundaries[1][0];
if (!$columnIsInside) {
return false;
}
$rowIsInside = $boundaries[0][1] <= $coordinates[1] && $coordinates[1] <= $boundaries[1][1];
if (!$rowIsInside) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Column index from string.
*
* @param ?string $columnAddress eg 'A'
*
* @return int Column index (A = 1)
*/
public static function columnIndexFromString(?string $columnAddress): int
{
// Using a lookup cache adds a slight memory overhead, but boosts speed
// caching using a static within the method is faster than a class static,
// though it's additional memory overhead
static $indexCache = [];
$columnAddress = $columnAddress ?? '';
if (isset($indexCache[$columnAddress])) {
return $indexCache[$columnAddress];
}
// It's surprising how costly the strtoupper() and ord() calls actually are, so we use a lookup array
// rather than use ord() and make it case insensitive to get rid of the strtoupper() as well.
// Because it's a static, there's no significant memory overhead either.
static $columnLookup = [
'A' => 1, 'B' => 2, 'C' => 3, 'D' => 4, 'E' => 5, 'F' => 6, 'G' => 7, 'H' => 8, 'I' => 9, 'J' => 10,
'K' => 11, 'L' => 12, 'M' => 13, 'N' => 14, 'O' => 15, 'P' => 16, 'Q' => 17, 'R' => 18, 'S' => 19,
'T' => 20, 'U' => 21, 'V' => 22, 'W' => 23, 'X' => 24, 'Y' => 25, 'Z' => 26,
'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4, 'e' => 5, 'f' => 6, 'g' => 7, 'h' => 8, 'i' => 9, 'j' => 10,
'k' => 11, 'l' => 12, 'm' => 13, 'n' => 14, 'o' => 15, 'p' => 16, 'q' => 17, 'r' => 18, 's' => 19,
't' => 20, 'u' => 21, 'v' => 22, 'w' => 23, 'x' => 24, 'y' => 25, 'z' => 26,
];
// We also use the language construct isset() rather than the more costly strlen() function to match the
// length of $columnAddress for improved performance
if (isset($columnAddress[0])) {
if (!isset($columnAddress[1])) {
$indexCache[$columnAddress] = $columnLookup[$columnAddress];
return $indexCache[$columnAddress];
} elseif (!isset($columnAddress[2])) {
$indexCache[$columnAddress] = $columnLookup[$columnAddress[0]] * 26
+ $columnLookup[$columnAddress[1]];
return $indexCache[$columnAddress];
} elseif (!isset($columnAddress[3])) {
$indexCache[$columnAddress] = $columnLookup[$columnAddress[0]] * 676
+ $columnLookup[$columnAddress[1]] * 26
+ $columnLookup[$columnAddress[2]];
return $indexCache[$columnAddress];
}
}
throw new Exception(
'Column string index can not be ' . ((isset($columnAddress[0])) ? 'longer than 3 characters' : 'empty')
);
}
/**
* String from column index.
*
* @param int|numeric-string $columnIndex Column index (A = 1)
*/
public static function stringFromColumnIndex(int|string $columnIndex): string
{
static $indexCache = [];
static $lookupCache = ' ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
if (!isset($indexCache[$columnIndex])) {
$indexValue = $columnIndex;
$base26 = '';
do {
$characterValue = ($indexValue % 26) ?: 26;
$indexValue = ($indexValue - $characterValue) / 26;
$base26 = $lookupCache[$characterValue] . $base26;
} while ($indexValue > 0);
$indexCache[$columnIndex] = $base26;
}
return $indexCache[$columnIndex];
}
/**
* Extract all cell references in range, which may be comprised of multiple cell ranges.
*
* @param string $cellRange Range: e.g. 'A1' or 'A1:C10' or 'A1:E10,A20:E25' or 'A1:E5 C3:G7' or 'A1:C1,A3:C3 B1:C3'
*
* @return array Array containing single cell references
*/
public static function extractAllCellReferencesInRange(string $cellRange): array
{
if (substr_count($cellRange, '!') > 1) {
throw new Exception('3-D Range References are not supported');
}
[$worksheet, $cellRange] = Worksheet::extractSheetTitle($cellRange, true);
$quoted = '';
if ($worksheet) {
$quoted = Worksheet::nameRequiresQuotes($worksheet) ? "'" : '';
if (str_starts_with($worksheet, "'") && str_ends_with($worksheet, "'")) {
$worksheet = substr($worksheet, 1, -1);
}
$worksheet = str_replace("'", "''", $worksheet);
}
[$ranges, $operators] = self::getCellBlocksFromRangeString($cellRange ?? 'A1');
$cells = [];
foreach ($ranges as $range) {
$cells[] = self::getReferencesForCellBlock($range);
}
$cells = self::processRangeSetOperators($operators, $cells);
if (empty($cells)) {
return [];
}
$cellList = array_merge(...$cells);
return array_map(
fn ($cellAddress) => ($worksheet !== '') ? "{$quoted}{$worksheet}{$quoted}!{$cellAddress}" : $cellAddress,
self::sortCellReferenceArray($cellList)
);
}
private static function processRangeSetOperators(array $operators, array $cells): array
{
$operatorCount = count($operators);
for ($offset = 0; $offset < $operatorCount; ++$offset) {
$operator = $operators[$offset];
if ($operator !== ' ') {
continue;
}
$cells[$offset] = array_intersect($cells[$offset], $cells[$offset + 1]);
unset($operators[$offset], $cells[$offset + 1]);
$operators = array_values($operators);
$cells = array_values($cells);
--$offset;
--$operatorCount;
}
return $cells;
}
private static function sortCellReferenceArray(array $cellList): array
{
// Sort the result by column and row
$sortKeys = [];
foreach ($cellList as $coordinate) {
$column = '';
$row = 0;
sscanf($coordinate, '%[A-Z]%d', $column, $row);
$key = (--$row * 16384) + self::columnIndexFromString((string) $column);
$sortKeys[$key] = $coordinate;
}
ksort($sortKeys);
return array_values($sortKeys);
}
/**
* Get all cell references for an individual cell block.
*
* @param string $cellBlock A cell range e.g. A4:B5
*
* @return array All individual cells in that range
*/
private static function getReferencesForCellBlock(string $cellBlock): array
{
$returnValue = [];
// Single cell?
if (!self::coordinateIsRange($cellBlock)) {
return (array) $cellBlock;
}
// Range...
$ranges = self::splitRange($cellBlock);
foreach ($ranges as $range) {
// Single cell?
if (!isset($range[1])) {
$returnValue[] = $range[0];
continue;
}
// Range...
[$rangeStart, $rangeEnd] = $range;
[$startColumn, $startRow] = self::coordinateFromString($rangeStart);
[$endColumn, $endRow] = self::coordinateFromString($rangeEnd);
$startColumnIndex = self::columnIndexFromString($startColumn);
$endColumnIndex = self::columnIndexFromString($endColumn);
++$endColumnIndex;
// Current data
$currentColumnIndex = $startColumnIndex;
$currentRow = $startRow;
self::validateRange($cellBlock, $startColumnIndex, $endColumnIndex, (int) $currentRow, (int) $endRow);
// Loop cells
while ($currentColumnIndex < $endColumnIndex) {
while ($currentRow <= $endRow) {
$returnValue[] = self::stringFromColumnIndex($currentColumnIndex) . $currentRow;
++$currentRow;
}
++$currentColumnIndex;
$currentRow = $startRow;
}
}
return $returnValue;
}
/**
* Convert an associative array of single cell coordinates to values to an associative array
* of cell ranges to values. Only adjacent cell coordinates with the same
* value will be merged. If the value is an object, it must implement the method getHashCode().
*
* For example, this function converts:
*
* [ 'A1' => 'x', 'A2' => 'x', 'A3' => 'x', 'A4' => 'y' ]
*
* to:
*
* [ 'A1:A3' => 'x', 'A4' => 'y' ]
*
* @param array $coordinateCollection associative array mapping coordinates to values
*
* @return array associative array mapping coordinate ranges to valuea
*/
public static function mergeRangesInCollection(array $coordinateCollection): array
{
$hashedValues = [];
$mergedCoordCollection = [];
foreach ($coordinateCollection as $coord => $value) {
if (self::coordinateIsRange($coord)) {
$mergedCoordCollection[$coord] = $value;
continue;
}
[$column, $row] = self::coordinateFromString($coord);
$row = (int) (ltrim($row, '$'));
$hashCode = $column . '-' . ((is_object($value) && method_exists($value, 'getHashCode')) ? $value->getHashCode() : $value);
if (!isset($hashedValues[$hashCode])) {
$hashedValues[$hashCode] = (object) [
'value' => $value,
'col' => $column,
'rows' => [$row],
];
} else {
$hashedValues[$hashCode]->rows[] = $row;
}
}
ksort($hashedValues);
foreach ($hashedValues as $hashedValue) {
sort($hashedValue->rows);
$rowStart = null;
$rowEnd = null;
$ranges = [];
foreach ($hashedValue->rows as $row) {
if ($rowStart === null) {
$rowStart = $row;
$rowEnd = $row;
} elseif ($rowEnd === $row - 1) {
$rowEnd = $row;
} else {
if ($rowStart == $rowEnd) {
$ranges[] = $hashedValue->col . $rowStart;
} else {
$ranges[] = $hashedValue->col . $rowStart . ':' . $hashedValue->col . $rowEnd;
}
$rowStart = $row;
$rowEnd = $row;
}
}
if ($rowStart !== null) {
if ($rowStart == $rowEnd) {
$ranges[] = $hashedValue->col . $rowStart;
} else {
$ranges[] = $hashedValue->col . $rowStart . ':' . $hashedValue->col . $rowEnd;
}
}
foreach ($ranges as $range) {
$mergedCoordCollection[$range] = $hashedValue->value;
}
}
return $mergedCoordCollection;
}
/**
* Get the individual cell blocks from a range string, removing any $ characters.
* then splitting by operators and returning an array with ranges and operators.
*
* @return array[]
*/
private static function getCellBlocksFromRangeString(string $rangeString): array
{
$rangeString = str_replace('$', '', strtoupper($rangeString));
// split range sets on intersection (space) or union (,) operators
$tokens = preg_split('/([ ,])/', $rangeString, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE) ?: [];
$split = array_chunk($tokens, 2);
$ranges = array_column($split, 0);
$operators = array_column($split, 1);
return [$ranges, $operators];
}
/**
* Check that the given range is valid, i.e. that the start column and row are not greater than the end column and
* row.
*
* @param string $cellBlock The original range, for displaying a meaningful error message
*/
private static function validateRange(string $cellBlock, int $startColumnIndex, int $endColumnIndex, int $currentRow, int $endRow): void
{
if ($startColumnIndex >= $endColumnIndex || $currentRow > $endRow) {
throw new Exception('Invalid range: "' . $cellBlock . '"');
}
}
}
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