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#
# = net/ftp.rb - FTP Client Library
#
# Written by Shugo Maeda <shugo@ruby-lang.org>.
#
# Documentation by Gavin Sinclair, sourced from "Programming Ruby" (Hunt/Thomas)
# and "Ruby In a Nutshell" (Matsumoto), used with permission.
#
# This library is distributed under the terms of the Ruby license.
# You can freely distribute/modify this library.
#
# It is included in the Ruby standard library.
#
# See the Net::FTP class for an overview.
#
require "socket"
require "monitor"
module Net
# :stopdoc:
class FTPError < StandardError; end
class FTPReplyError < FTPError; end
class FTPTempError < FTPError; end
class FTPPermError < FTPError; end
class FTPProtoError < FTPError; end
class FTPConnectionError < FTPError; end
# :startdoc:
#
# This class implements the File Transfer Protocol. If you have used a
# command-line FTP program, and are familiar with the commands, you will be
# able to use this class easily. Some extra features are included to take
# advantage of Ruby's style and strengths.
#
# == Example
#
# require 'net/ftp'
#
# === Example 1
#
# ftp = Net::FTP.new('ftp.netlab.co.jp')
# ftp.login
# files = ftp.chdir('pub/lang/ruby/contrib')
# files = ftp.list('n*')
# ftp.getbinaryfile('nif.rb-0.91.gz', 'nif.gz', 1024)
# ftp.close
#
# === Example 2
#
# Net::FTP.open('ftp.netlab.co.jp') do |ftp|
# ftp.login
# files = ftp.chdir('pub/lang/ruby/contrib')
# files = ftp.list('n*')
# ftp.getbinaryfile('nif.rb-0.91.gz', 'nif.gz', 1024)
# end
#
# == Major Methods
#
# The following are the methods most likely to be useful to users:
# - FTP.open
# - #getbinaryfile
# - #gettextfile
# - #putbinaryfile
# - #puttextfile
# - #chdir
# - #nlst
# - #size
# - #rename
# - #delete
#
class FTP
include MonitorMixin
# :stopdoc:
FTP_PORT = 21
CRLF = "\r\n"
DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE = 4096
# :startdoc:
# When +true+, transfers are performed in binary mode. Default: +true+.
attr_reader :binary
# When +true+, the connection is in passive mode. Default: +false+.
attr_accessor :passive
# When +true+, all traffic to and from the server is written
# to +$stdout+. Default: +false+.
attr_accessor :debug_mode
# Sets or retrieves the +resume+ status, which decides whether incomplete
# transfers are resumed or restarted. Default: +false+.
attr_accessor :resume
# The server's welcome message.
attr_reader :welcome
# The server's last response code.
attr_reader :last_response_code
alias lastresp last_response_code
# The server's last response.
attr_reader :last_response
#
# A synonym for <tt>FTP.new</tt>, but with a mandatory host parameter.
#
# If a block is given, it is passed the +FTP+ object, which will be closed
# when the block finishes, or when an exception is raised.
#
def FTP.open(host, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil)
if block_given?
ftp = new(host, user, passwd, acct)
begin
yield ftp
ensure
ftp.close
end
else
new(host, user, passwd, acct)
end
end
#
# Creates and returns a new +FTP+ object. If a +host+ is given, a connection
# is made. Additionally, if the +user+ is given, the given user name,
# password, and (optionally) account are used to log in. See #login.
#
def initialize(host = nil, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil)
super()
@binary = true
@passive = false
@debug_mode = false
@resume = false
@sock = NullSocket.new
@logged_in = false
if host
connect(host)
if user
login(user, passwd, acct)
end
end
end
# A setter to toggle transfers in binary mode.
# +newmode+ is either +true+ or +false+
def binary=(newmode)
if newmode != @binary
@binary = newmode
send_type_command if @logged_in
end
end
# Sends a command to destination host, with the current binary sendmode
# type.
#
# If binary mode is +true+, then "TYPE I" (image) is sent, otherwise "TYPE
# A" (ascii) is sent.
def send_type_command # :nodoc:
if @binary
voidcmd("TYPE I")
else
voidcmd("TYPE A")
end
end
private :send_type_command
# Toggles transfers in binary mode and yields to a block.
# This preserves your current binary send mode, but allows a temporary
# transaction with binary sendmode of +newmode+.
#
# +newmode+ is either +true+ or +false+
def with_binary(newmode) # :nodoc:
oldmode = binary
self.binary = newmode
begin
yield
ensure
self.binary = oldmode
end
end
private :with_binary
# Obsolete
def return_code # :nodoc:
$stderr.puts("warning: Net::FTP#return_code is obsolete and do nothing")
return "\n"
end
# Obsolete
def return_code=(s) # :nodoc:
$stderr.puts("warning: Net::FTP#return_code= is obsolete and do nothing")
end
# Contructs a socket with +host+ and +port+.
#
# If SOCKSSocket is defined and the environment (ENV) defines
# SOCKS_SERVER, then a SOCKSSocket is returned, else a TCPSocket is
# returned.
def open_socket(host, port) # :nodoc:
if defined? SOCKSSocket and ENV["SOCKS_SERVER"]
@passive = true
return SOCKSSocket.open(host, port)
else
return TCPSocket.open(host, port)
end
end
private :open_socket
#
# Establishes an FTP connection to host, optionally overriding the default
# port. If the environment variable +SOCKS_SERVER+ is set, sets up the
# connection through a SOCKS proxy. Raises an exception (typically
# <tt>Errno::ECONNREFUSED</tt>) if the connection cannot be established.
#
def connect(host, port = FTP_PORT)
if @debug_mode
print "connect: ", host, ", ", port, "\n"
end
synchronize do
@sock = open_socket(host, port)
voidresp
end
end
#
# WRITEME or make private
#
def set_socket(sock, get_greeting = true)
synchronize do
@sock = sock
if get_greeting
voidresp
end
end
end
# If string +s+ includes the PASS command (password), then the contents of
# the password are cleaned from the string using "*"
def sanitize(s) # :nodoc:
if s =~ /^PASS /i
return s[0, 5] + "*" * (s.length - 5)
else
return s
end
end
private :sanitize
# Ensures that +line+ has a control return / line feed (CRLF) and writes
# it to the socket.
def putline(line) # :nodoc:
if @debug_mode
print "put: ", sanitize(line), "\n"
end
line = line + CRLF
@sock.write(line)
end
private :putline
# Reads a line from the sock. If EOF, then it will raise EOFError
def getline # :nodoc:
line = @sock.readline # if get EOF, raise EOFError
line.sub!(/(\r\n|\n|\r)\z/n, "")
if @debug_mode
print "get: ", sanitize(line), "\n"
end
return line
end
private :getline
# Receive a section of lines until the response code's match.
def getmultiline # :nodoc:
line = getline
buff = line
if line[3] == ?-
code = line[0, 3]
begin
line = getline
buff << "\n" << line
end until line[0, 3] == code and line[3] != ?-
end
return buff << "\n"
end
private :getmultiline
# Recieves a response from the destination host.
#
# Returns the response code or raises FTPTempError, FTPPermError, or
# FTPProtoError
def getresp # :nodoc:
@last_response = getmultiline
@last_response_code = @last_response[0, 3]
case @last_response_code
when /\A[123]/
return @last_response
when /\A4/
raise FTPTempError, @last_response
when /\A5/
raise FTPPermError, @last_response
else
raise FTPProtoError, @last_response
end
end
private :getresp
# Recieves a response.
#
# Raises FTPReplyError if the first position of the response code is not
# equal 2.
def voidresp # :nodoc:
resp = getresp
if resp[0] != ?2
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
end
private :voidresp
#
# Sends a command and returns the response.
#
def sendcmd(cmd)
synchronize do
putline(cmd)
return getresp
end
end
#
# Sends a command and expect a response beginning with '2'.
#
def voidcmd(cmd)
synchronize do
putline(cmd)
voidresp
end
end
# Constructs and send the appropriate PORT (or EPRT) command
def sendport(host, port) # :nodoc:
af = (@sock.peeraddr)[0]
if af == "AF_INET"
cmd = "PORT " + (host.split(".") + port.divmod(256)).join(",")
elsif af == "AF_INET6"
cmd = sprintf("EPRT |2|%s|%d|", host, port)
else
raise FTPProtoError, host
end
voidcmd(cmd)
end
private :sendport
# Constructs a TCPServer socket, and sends it the PORT command
#
# Returns the constructed TCPServer socket
def makeport # :nodoc:
sock = TCPServer.open(@sock.addr[3], 0)
port = sock.addr[1]
host = sock.addr[3]
sendport(host, port)
return sock
end
private :makeport
# sends the appropriate command to enable a passive connection
def makepasv # :nodoc:
if @sock.peeraddr[0] == "AF_INET"
host, port = parse227(sendcmd("PASV"))
else
host, port = parse229(sendcmd("EPSV"))
# host, port = parse228(sendcmd("LPSV"))
end
return host, port
end
private :makepasv
# Constructs a connection for transferring data
def transfercmd(cmd, rest_offset = nil) # :nodoc:
if @passive
host, port = makepasv
conn = open_socket(host, port)
if @resume and rest_offset
resp = sendcmd("REST " + rest_offset.to_s)
if resp[0] != ?3
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
end
resp = sendcmd(cmd)
# skip 2XX for some ftp servers
resp = getresp if resp[0] == ?2
if resp[0] != ?1
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
else
sock = makeport
if @resume and rest_offset
resp = sendcmd("REST " + rest_offset.to_s)
if resp[0] != ?3
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
end
resp = sendcmd(cmd)
# skip 2XX for some ftp servers
resp = getresp if resp[0] == ?2
if resp[0] != ?1
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
conn = sock.accept
sock.close
end
return conn
end
private :transfercmd
#
# Logs in to the remote host. The session must have been previously
# connected. If +user+ is the string "anonymous" and the +password+ is
# +nil+, a password of <tt>user@host</tt> is synthesized. If the +acct+
# parameter is not +nil+, an FTP ACCT command is sent following the
# successful login. Raises an exception on error (typically
# <tt>Net::FTPPermError</tt>).
#
def login(user = "anonymous", passwd = nil, acct = nil)
if user == "anonymous" and passwd == nil
passwd = "anonymous@"
end
resp = ""
synchronize do
resp = sendcmd('USER ' + user)
if resp[0] == ?3
raise FTPReplyError, resp if passwd.nil?
resp = sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd)
end
if resp[0] == ?3
raise FTPReplyError, resp if acct.nil?
resp = sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct)
end
end
if resp[0] != ?2
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
@welcome = resp
send_type_command
@logged_in = true
end
#
# Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given command,
# and fetches the data returned, passing it to the associated block in
# chunks of +blocksize+ characters. Note that +cmd+ is a server command
# (such as "RETR myfile").
#
def retrbinary(cmd, blocksize, rest_offset = nil) # :yield: data
synchronize do
with_binary(true) do
conn = transfercmd(cmd, rest_offset)
loop do
data = conn.read(blocksize)
break if data == nil
yield(data)
end
conn.close
voidresp
end
end
end
#
# Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given command, and
# passes the resulting data, one line at a time, to the associated block. If
# no block is given, prints the lines. Note that +cmd+ is a server command
# (such as "RETR myfile").
#
def retrlines(cmd) # :yield: line
synchronize do
with_binary(false) do
conn = transfercmd(cmd)
loop do
line = conn.gets
break if line == nil
yield(line.sub(/\r?\n\z/, ""), !line.match(/\n\z/).nil?)
end
conn.close
voidresp
end
end
end
#
# Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given server-side
# command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file named
# +file+ to the server. If the optional block is given, it also passes it
# the data, in chunks of +blocksize+ characters.
#
def storbinary(cmd, file, blocksize, rest_offset = nil, &block) # :yield: data
if rest_offset
file.seek(rest_offset, IO::SEEK_SET)
end
synchronize do
with_binary(true) do
conn = transfercmd(cmd)
loop do
buf = file.read(blocksize)
break if buf == nil
conn.write(buf)
yield(buf) if block
end
conn.close
voidresp
end
end
rescue Errno::EPIPE
# EPIPE, in this case, means that the data connection was unexpectedly
# terminated. Rather than just raising EPIPE to the caller, check the
# response on the control connection. If getresp doesn't raise a more
# appropriate exception, re-raise the original exception.
getresp
raise
end
#
# Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given server-side
# command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file
# named +file+ to the server, one line at a time. If the optional block is
# given, it also passes it the lines.
#
def storlines(cmd, file, &block) # :yield: line
synchronize do
with_binary(false) do
conn = transfercmd(cmd)
loop do
buf = file.gets
break if buf == nil
if buf[-2, 2] != CRLF
buf = buf.chomp + CRLF
end
conn.write(buf)
yield(buf) if block
end
conn.close
voidresp
end
end
rescue Errno::EPIPE
# EPIPE, in this case, means that the data connection was unexpectedly
# terminated. Rather than just raising EPIPE to the caller, check the
# response on the control connection. If getresp doesn't raise a more
# appropriate exception, re-raise the original exception.
getresp
raise
end
#
# Retrieves +remotefile+ in binary mode, storing the result in +localfile+.
# If +localfile+ is nil, returns retrieved data.
# If a block is supplied, it is passed the retrieved data in +blocksize+
# chunks.
#
def getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile),
blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE) # :yield: data
result = nil
if localfile
if @resume
rest_offset = File.size?(localfile)
f = open(localfile, "a")
else
rest_offset = nil
f = open(localfile, "w")
end
elsif !block_given?
result = ""
end
begin
f.binmode if localfile
retrbinary("RETR " + remotefile.to_s, blocksize, rest_offset) do |data|
f.write(data) if localfile
yield(data) if block_given?
result.concat(data) if result
end
return result
ensure
f.close if localfile
end
end
#
# Retrieves +remotefile+ in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result in
# +localfile+.
# If +localfile+ is nil, returns retrieved data.
# If a block is supplied, it is passed the retrieved data one
# line at a time.
#
def gettextfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile)) # :yield: line
result = nil
if localfile
f = open(localfile, "w")
elsif !block_given?
result = ""
end
begin
retrlines("RETR " + remotefile) do |line, newline|
l = newline ? line + "\n" : line
f.print(l) if localfile
yield(line, newline) if block_given?
result.concat(l) if result
end
return result
ensure
f.close if localfile
end
end
#
# Retrieves +remotefile+ in whatever mode the session is set (text or
# binary). See #gettextfile and #getbinaryfile.
#
def get(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile),
blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) # :yield: data
if @binary
getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile, blocksize, &block)
else
gettextfile(remotefile, localfile, &block)
end
end
#
# Transfers +localfile+ to the server in binary mode, storing the result in
# +remotefile+. If a block is supplied, calls it, passing in the transmitted
# data in +blocksize+ chunks.
#
def putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile),
blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) # :yield: data
if @resume
begin
rest_offset = size(remotefile)
rescue Net::FTPPermError
rest_offset = nil
end
else
rest_offset = nil
end
f = open(localfile)
begin
f.binmode
if rest_offset
storbinary("APPE " + remotefile, f, blocksize, rest_offset, &block)
else
storbinary("STOR " + remotefile, f, blocksize, rest_offset, &block)
end
ensure
f.close
end
end
#
# Transfers +localfile+ to the server in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result
# in +remotefile+. If callback or an associated block is supplied, calls it,
# passing in the transmitted data one line at a time.
#
def puttextfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), &block) # :yield: line
f = open(localfile)
begin
storlines("STOR " + remotefile, f, &block)
ensure
f.close
end
end
#
# Transfers +localfile+ to the server in whatever mode the session is set
# (text or binary). See #puttextfile and #putbinaryfile.
#
def put(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile),
blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block)
if @binary
putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile, blocksize, &block)
else
puttextfile(localfile, remotefile, &block)
end
end
#
# Sends the ACCT command.
#
# This is a less common FTP command, to send account
# information if the destination host requires it.
#
def acct(account)
cmd = "ACCT " + account
voidcmd(cmd)
end
#
# Returns an array of filenames in the remote directory.
#
def nlst(dir = nil)
cmd = "NLST"
if dir
cmd = cmd + " " + dir
end
files = []
retrlines(cmd) do |line|
files.push(line)
end
return files
end
#
# Returns an array of file information in the directory (the output is like
# `ls -l`). If a block is given, it iterates through the listing.
#
def list(*args, &block) # :yield: line
cmd = "LIST"
args.each do |arg|
cmd = cmd + " " + arg.to_s
end
if block
retrlines(cmd, &block)
else
lines = []
retrlines(cmd) do |line|
lines << line
end
return lines
end
end
alias ls list
alias dir list
#
# Renames a file on the server.
#
def rename(fromname, toname)
resp = sendcmd("RNFR " + fromname)
if resp[0] != ?3
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
voidcmd("RNTO " + toname)
end
#
# Deletes a file on the server.
#
def delete(filename)
resp = sendcmd("DELE " + filename)
if resp[0, 3] == "250"
return
elsif resp[0] == ?5
raise FTPPermError, resp
else
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
end
#
# Changes the (remote) directory.
#
def chdir(dirname)
if dirname == ".."
begin
voidcmd("CDUP")
return
rescue FTPPermError => e
if e.message[0, 3] != "500"
raise e
end
end
end
cmd = "CWD " + dirname
voidcmd(cmd)
end
#
# Returns the size of the given (remote) filename.
#
def size(filename)
with_binary(true) do
resp = sendcmd("SIZE " + filename)
if resp[0, 3] != "213"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
return resp[3..-1].strip.to_i
end
end
MDTM_REGEXP = /^(\d\d\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)/ # :nodoc:
#
# Returns the last modification time of the (remote) file. If +local+ is
# +true+, it is returned as a local time, otherwise it's a UTC time.
#
def mtime(filename, local = false)
str = mdtm(filename)
ary = str.scan(MDTM_REGEXP)[0].collect {|i| i.to_i}
return local ? Time.local(*ary) : Time.gm(*ary)
end
#
# Creates a remote directory.
#
def mkdir(dirname)
resp = sendcmd("MKD " + dirname)
return parse257(resp)
end
#
# Removes a remote directory.
#
def rmdir(dirname)
voidcmd("RMD " + dirname)
end
#
# Returns the current remote directory.
#
def pwd
resp = sendcmd("PWD")
return parse257(resp)
end
alias getdir pwd
#
# Returns system information.
#
def system
resp = sendcmd("SYST")
if resp[0, 3] != "215"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
return resp[4 .. -1]
end
#
# Aborts the previous command (ABOR command).
#
def abort
line = "ABOR" + CRLF
print "put: ABOR\n" if @debug_mode
@sock.send(line, Socket::MSG_OOB)
resp = getmultiline
unless ["426", "226", "225"].include?(resp[0, 3])
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
return resp
end
#
# Returns the status (STAT command).
#
def status
line = "STAT" + CRLF
print "put: STAT\n" if @debug_mode
@sock.send(line, Socket::MSG_OOB)
return getresp
end
#
# Issues the MDTM command. TODO: more info.
#
def mdtm(filename)
resp = sendcmd("MDTM " + filename)
if resp[0, 3] == "213"
return resp[3 .. -1].strip
end
end
#
# Issues the HELP command.
#
def help(arg = nil)
cmd = "HELP"
if arg
cmd = cmd + " " + arg
end
sendcmd(cmd)
end
#
# Exits the FTP session.
#
def quit
voidcmd("QUIT")
end
#
# Issues a NOOP command.
#
# Does nothing except return a response.
#
def noop
voidcmd("NOOP")
end
#
# Issues a SITE command.
#
def site(arg)
cmd = "SITE " + arg
voidcmd(cmd)
end
#
# Closes the connection. Further operations are impossible until you open
# a new connection with #connect.
#
def close
@sock.close if @sock and not @sock.closed?
end
#
# Returns +true+ iff the connection is closed.
#
def closed?
@sock == nil or @sock.closed?
end
# handler for response code 227
# (Entering Passive Mode (h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2))
#
# Returns host and port.
def parse227(resp) # :nodoc:
if resp[0, 3] != "227"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
left = resp.index("(")
right = resp.index(")")
if left == nil or right == nil
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
numbers = resp[left + 1 .. right - 1].split(",")
if numbers.length != 6
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
host = numbers[0, 4].join(".")
port = (numbers[4].to_i << 8) + numbers[5].to_i
return host, port
end
private :parse227
# handler for response code 228
# (Entering Long Passive Mode)
#
# Returns host and port.
def parse228(resp) # :nodoc:
if resp[0, 3] != "228"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
left = resp.index("(")
right = resp.index(")")
if left == nil or right == nil
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
numbers = resp[left + 1 .. right - 1].split(",")
if numbers[0] == "4"
if numbers.length != 9 || numbers[1] != "4" || numbers[2 + 4] != "2"
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
host = numbers[2, 4].join(".")
port = (numbers[7].to_i << 8) + numbers[8].to_i
elsif numbers[0] == "6"
if numbers.length != 21 || numbers[1] != "16" || numbers[2 + 16] != "2"
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
v6 = ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""]
for i in 0 .. 7
v6[i] = sprintf("%02x%02x", numbers[(i * 2) + 2].to_i,
numbers[(i * 2) + 3].to_i)
end
host = v6[0, 8].join(":")
port = (numbers[19].to_i << 8) + numbers[20].to_i
end
return host, port
end
private :parse228
# handler for response code 229
# (Extended Passive Mode Entered)
#
# Returns host and port.
def parse229(resp) # :nodoc:
if resp[0, 3] != "229"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
left = resp.index("(")
right = resp.index(")")
if left == nil or right == nil
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
numbers = resp[left + 1 .. right - 1].split(resp[left + 1, 1])
if numbers.length != 4
raise FTPProtoError, resp
end
port = numbers[3].to_i
host = (@sock.peeraddr())[3]
return host, port
end
private :parse229
# handler for response code 257
# ("PATHNAME" created)
#
# Returns host and port.
def parse257(resp) # :nodoc:
if resp[0, 3] != "257"
raise FTPReplyError, resp
end
if resp[3, 2] != ' "'
return ""
end
dirname = ""
i = 5
n = resp.length
while i < n
c = resp[i, 1]
i = i + 1
if c == '"'
if i > n or resp[i, 1] != '"'
break
end
i = i + 1
end
dirname = dirname + c
end
return dirname
end
private :parse257
# :stopdoc:
class NullSocket
def method_missing(mid, *args)
raise FTPConnectionError, "not connected"
end
end
# :startdoc:
end
end
# Documentation comments:
# - sourced from pickaxe and nutshell, with improvements (hopefully)
# - three methods should be private (search WRITEME)
# - two methods need more information (search TODO)
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